Thinking of the cultivation mode of preventive medicine undergraduates based on student research training projects / 中华医学教育探索杂志

There are still some shortcomings in the training of preventive medicine undergraduates in China, such as outdated education mode, disjointed theory/practice, and lack of multi-dimensional integration. This paper proposes an attempt to reform the cultivation mode of preventive medicine undergraduates by combining student research training programs. However, many problems have been exposed during the implementation of the reform, and it has not achieved satisfactory results, especially in emergency management and solving practical problems. In order to cultivate practical preventive medicine talents in line with the needs of the times, the training mode based on student research training projects still needs considerable efforts in many aspects, including project approval, project guidance, project evaluation and so on.

Construction of a core competency training indicator system for high-level public health talents / 预防医学

Objective@#To construct a core competency training indicator system for high-level public health talents using the Delphi method, so as to provide insights into optimization of high-level public health talents training.@*Methods@#Based on review of publications pertaining to core competency training for high-level public health talents, in combination with public health priorities and development needs in China, a preliminary indicator system was constructed. Twenty public health experts were invited for two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. Indicators were screened based on the frequency of full marks, mean score and coefficient of variation (CV), and the weight of indicators was determined using the Entropy weight method. The effectiveness of the Delphi expert consultation was evaluated using the active degree, authority coefficient and the consistency degree. @*Results@#Twenty experts participated in the consultation, including 12 men, and there were 6 experts at ages of 30 to 39 years, 8 at ages of 40 to 49 years, and 6 at ages of 50 years and older. There were 17 experts with an educational level of master and above, 19 with senior professional titles and all experts had working experiences for 10 years and longer. The active degrees were 95.24% and 100.00% for two rounds of consultations, and the overall authority coefficient was 0.87. Following two rounds of consultations, all CVs were reduced to below 0.25, and the coordination coefficients were all statistically significant (P<0.05), with a higher coordination coefficient in the second round of consultation than in the first round. The constructed core competency training indicator system for high-level public health talents included four primary indicators, including health protection, health service improvement, health promotion, and essential quality, with weights of 0.388, 0.310, 0.122 and 0.180, 11 secondary indicators, with high weights seen for protection of human health from threats (0.178), monitoring and assessment of health service utilization (0.157) and promotion of health service quality and access (0.112), and 70 tertiary indicators, with high weights seen for Chinese writing (0.038), capability for health policy suggestions (0.034) and global perspective (0.030).@*Conclusion@#The core competency training indicator system for high-level public health talents constructed in this study may provide insights into training of high-level public health talents.

Teaching reform and practice of 'Production Internship' course for biotechnology specialty from the perspective of training application-oriented talents / 生物工程学报

Production internship is an important teaching tache for undergraduate students to carry out engineering training by using professional skills, and it is a key starting point for fostering application-oriented talents in biotechnology. The Course Group of 'production internship of biotechnology majors' of Binzhou University is investigating application-oriented transformation for local regular colleges and universities, as well as fostering high-level application-oriented talents. By taking green fluorescent protein (GFP) polyclonal antibody as an example, the reform and practice on teaching content, teaching mode, assessment method, continuous improvement of curriculum were carried out. Moreover, the characteristics of the Yellow River Delta-Binzhou Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Industrial Cluster were taken into account to intensify academic-enterprise cooperation. On one hand, this Course Group designed and rearranged the course contents, carried out essential training through online resources and platforms such as virtual simulation, and recorded, tracked and monitored the progress of production internship through practical testing and software platforms like 'Alumni State'. On the other hand, this Course Group established a practice-and application-oriented assessment method in the process of production internship and a dual evaluation model for continuous improvement. These reform and practices have promoted the training of application-oriented talents in biotechnology, and may serve as a reference for similar courses.

Exploration of reform paths of high-level talents training in clinical pharmacy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To help to realize high-quality development of clinical pharmacy education in China by exploring new reform paths of high-level talents training in clinical pharmacy. METHODS The concept definition and key links of high-level talents training in clinical pharmacy were consulted by expert consultation， and the literature analysis and empirical methods were used to prepare a questionnaire to conduct online research on clinical pharmacy professionals in universities and hospitals. RESULTS A total of 637 effective electronic questionnaires were received. Totally 95.13% of the respondents believed that the cultivation of high-level talents in clinical pharmacy was very or relatively important； 51.96% expressed different degrees of dissatisfaction with the current situation of training； 88.85% regarded “rational clinical use of drugs” and 88.70% regarded “clinical research of drugs” as one of the main training objectives and service orientation； precision pharmacy， evidence-based pharmacy， medication therapy management， therapeutic drug monitoring and evaluation， clinical discovery and evaluation of new drugs were considered as important core specialty knowledge and competences， which were different from those high-level talents in clinical medicine；62.01% agreed that “academic degree+professional degree” dual degree training was the main degree type for high-level talents training in clinical pharmacy； 79.28% thought it was very necessary or relatively necessary to adopt the “long schooling” education mode； 98.58% thought that the core courses of clinical pharmacy such as clinical pharmacotherapy were very important or relatively important；59.81% believed that college or department of clinical pharmacy was the most important educational management organization that played the most important role； 87.13% agreed with the dual tutor structure of “college teachers+ pharmacists” and “pharmacists+physicians”. CONCLUSIONS Starting with the target orientation， core knowledge and competence， academic degree system， curriculum system and faculties， it is necessary to speed up the exploration of new reform paths of talent training and build a high-level talent training system of clinical pharmacy with Chinese characteristics and world level.

Exploration and Practice of the "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" Innovative Talents Training Mode in Forensic Medicine / 法医学杂志

Talent is one of the basic and strategic supports for building a modern socialist country in all aspects. Since the 1980s, the establishment of forensic medicine major and the cultivation of innovative talents in forensic medicine have become hot topics in higher education in forensic medicine. Over the past 43 years, the forensic medicine team of Shanxi Medical University has adhered to the joint education of public security and colleges, and made collaborative innovation, forming a training mode of "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" for innovative talents in forensic medicine. It has carried out "5+3/X" integrated reform, and formed a relatively complete talent training innovation mode and management system in teaching, scientific research, identification, major, discipline, team, platform and cultural construction. It has made a historic contribution to China's higher forensic education, accumulated valuable experience for the construction of first-class major and first-class discipline of forensic medicine, and provided strong support for the construction of the national new forensic talent training system. The popularization of this training mode is conducive to the rapid and sustainable development of forensic science, and provides more excellent forensic talents for national building, regional social development and the discipline construction of forensic science.

Cultivating high-level public health talents with practical abilities by integrating peacetime and wartime training / 中国职业医学

At present, public health education in colleges and universities has many problems, such as insufficient education and practice for infectious diseases, serious shortage of public health talents, insufficient interdisciplinary integration of public health disciplines, lack of a holistic view of public health, and insufficient flexibility and autonomy of curriculum design in colleges and universities. These problems were closely related to the cultivation of practical ability of public health talents in colleges and universities. The new era puts forward high requirements for the construction of high-level schools of public health and the training of high-level public health talents, presenting both opportunities and challenges. The School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University proposed the idea of "combined peacetime and wartime training" to cultivate high-level public health talents who can solve practical problems, and jointly established a demonstration base for high-level public health talents training with Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The core content is “one class, one team, one hospital and one center”. The experimental class of "medical, prevention and management" talents, the Sun Yat-sen University-Guangzhou Volunteer Service Team for Epidemiological Investigation, the Graduate School of Guangzhou CDC, and the Joint Research Center of for Disease Surveillance and Early Warning and Risk Assessment of Sun Yat-sen University-Guangzhou CDC has been established. Virtual simulation experiments and simulation exercises have been conducted. It is an innovated training for high-level public health talents. The linkage between universities and CDCs to promote the development of public health disciplines can provide reference for public health personnel training in universities to cultivate high-level public health talents with the ability to solve practical problems.

Validación del modelo de finalidad táctica para la selección de talentos en deportes de combate / Validação do modelo de propósito tático para seleção de talentos em esportes de combate / Validation of the tactical purpose model for talent selection in combat sports

RESUMEN Introducción: Los resultados obtenidos por los atletas de combate en Cuba han demostrado la fortaleza del modelo piramidal para la selección y preparación del alto rendimiento deportivo, pero todo proceso es proclive a ser mejorado, siendo necesario el perfeccionamiento constante del proceso de selección deportiva. Objetivo: En tal sentido, la presente investigación tuvo por objetivo validar teóricamente un modelo de finalidad táctica para la selección de talentos en deportes de combate. Materiales y métodos: La investigación se apoya en la aplicación de una revisión documental y de una encuesta a 38 expertos, siendo de tipo descriptiva-explicativa. Resultados: Este modelo se basa en tres fases, una propuesta de modelo de selección de talentos de finalidad táctica para deportes de combate, se enfatiza en la evaluación teórica del modelo. Se asumen cinco indicadores y cinco componentes y se reconoce el aporte teórico del modelo estudiado; se enfoca en las posibilidades de optimización que le genera al proceso de selección deportiva; se complementa el sistema piramidal y se avala la gestión de deportistas de combate potencialmente talentosos en su ingreso al alto rendimiento. Los cuestionarios determinaron que todos los expertos concuerdan en muy adecuado y bastante adecuado, donde el coeficiente de concordancia obtenido fue W= 0,798. Conclusiones: El modelo de finalidad táctica para selección de talentos en deportes de combate constituye un aporte teórico y resuelve un problema concreto de la práctica al permitir la optimización del proceso de selección de talentos con carácter científico complementando así el sistema piramidal.

SÍNTESE Introdução: Os resultados obtidos pelos atletas de combate em Cuba têm demonstrado a força do modelo piramidal para a seleção e preparação de esportes de alto rendimento, mas todo processo tende a ser melhorado, sendo necessária a constante melhoria do processo de seleção esportiva. Objetivo: Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa era validar teoricamente um modelo de propósito tático para a seleção de talentos nos esportes de combate. Materiais e métodos: A pesquisa é baseada na aplicação de uma revisão documental e uma pesquisa com 38 especialistas, sendo de tipo descritivo-explicativo. Resultados: Este modelo é baseado em três fases, uma proposta de modelo de seleção tática de talentos para esportes de combate, com ênfase na avaliação teórica do modelo. Cinco indicadores e cinco componentes são assumidos e a contribuição teórica do modelo estudado é reconhecida; ele se concentra nas possibilidades de otimização que gera para o processo de seleção esportiva; o sistema piramidal é complementado e a gestão de atletas de combate potencialmente talentosos em sua entrada para o alto desempenho é endossada. Os questionários determinaram que todos os especialistas concordam em ser muito adequados e bastante adequados, onde o coeficiente de concordância obtido foi W= 0,798. Conclusões: O modelo de propósito tático para seleção de talentos em esportes de combate constitui uma contribuição teórica e resolve um problema concreto de prática ao permitir a otimização do processo de seleção de talentos com caráter científico, complementando assim o sistema piramidal.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the results obtained by combat athletes in Cuba have shown the strength of the pyramidal model for the selection and preparation of high-performance sports, but every process is likely to be improved, and constant improvement of the sports selection process is necessary. Objective: in this sense, the present research aimed to theoretically validate a model of tactical purpose for the selection of talents in combat sports. Materials and methods: the research is based on the application of a documentary review and a survey of 38 experts, being descriptive-explanatory. Results: this model is based on three phases, a proposal for a talent selection model with a tactical purpose for combat sports; emphasis is placed on the theoretical evaluation of the model. Five indicators and five components are assumed and the theoretical contribution of the studied model is recognized; it focuses on the possibilities of optimization that it generates in the sports selection process; the pyramidal system is complemented and the management of potentially talented combat athletes is endorsed in their entry into high performance. The questionnaires determined that all the experts agree on very adequate and quite adequate, where the concordance coefficient obtained was W= 0.798. Conclusions: the tactical purpose model for talent selection in combat sports constitutes a theoretical contribution and solves a specific problem in practice by allowing the optimization of the talent selection process with a scientific nature, thus complementing the pyramid system.

Indicadores biomecánicos para la selección de talentos en escolares colombianos de 11 a 15 años / Indicadores biomecânicos para a seleção dos talentos em escolares colombianos de 11 a 15 anos / Biomechanical indicators for the selection of talents in Colombian schoolchildren from 11 to 15 years old

RESUMEN La selección de talentos se realiza sobre la base de indicadores de tipo biológico, psicológico, sociológico y técnico. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer el nivel de correlación entre la velocidad de carrera y algunos saltos para la selección de niños velocistas en atletismo. Es un estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional, en el que participaron 335 niños de ambos sexos de 11 a 15 años. Se evaluaron a través de pruebas como el peso y la talla, los saltos de Abalakov, unilateral derecho, unilateral izquierdo, bilateral y se calculó el déficit bilateral para lo cual se usó la plataforma de contactos. Como resultados, se destacan que los indicadores biomecánicos, tanto en altura saltada como en potencia calculada, se incrementan con la edad cronológica, aunque algunas variables muestran una disminución a los 15 años. En el déficit bilateral, los resultados se calificaron como regular inferior para las niñas y regular para los niños. El análisis de correlación entre los saltos y la velocidad de carrera mostró en las niñas correlaciones significativas (p<0,01) en el salto unilateral derecho tanto en altura como en potencia, salto unilateral izquierdo en altura y salto bilateral en potencia. En los niños, se hallaron correlaciones a nivel (p<0,01) en el salto Abalakov potencia, en el salto unilateral derecho potencia, en el salto unilateral izquierdo potencia y en el salto bilateral potencia. En conclusión, de acuerdo con los resultados y la literatura, se puede afirmar que los saltos pueden ser utilizados como indicadores en la selección de talentos.

RESUMO A seleção de talentos é realizada com base em indicadores biológicos, psicológicos, sociológicos e técnicos. O objetivo do estudo era estabelecer o nível de correlação entre a velocidade de corrida e alguns saltos para a seleção de crianças praticantes de sprinters no atletismo. É um estudo descritivo, transversal e correlacional, no qual participaram 335 crianças de ambos os sexos com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 15 anos. Foram avaliados através de testes tais como peso e altura, saltos Abalakov, unilateral direito, unilateral esquerdo, bilateral e o défice bilateral foi calculado utilizando a plataforma de contato. Os resultados mostram que os indicadores biomecânicos, tanto em altura saltada como em potência calculada, aumentam com a idade cronológica, embora algumas variáveis mostrem uma diminuição aos 15 anos de idade. No défice bilateral, os resultados foram classificados como média mais baixa para as raparigas e média para os rapazes. A análise de correlação entre salto e velocidade de corrida mostrou correlações significativas (p<0,01) em raparigas em salto unilateral direito tanto em altura como em potência, salto unilateral esquerdo em altura e salto bilateral em potência. Nos rapazes, foram encontradas correlações de nível (p<0,01) no salto Abalakov no poder, no salto unilateral direito no poder, no salto unilateral esquerdo no poder e no salto bilateral no poder. Em conclusão, de acordo com os resultados e a literatura, pode afirmar-se que os saltos podem ser utilizados como indicadores na seleção de talentos.

ABSTRACT The selection of talents is carried out on the basis of biological, psychological, sociological and technical indicators. The objective of the study was to establish the level of correlation between running speed and some jumps for the selection of children sprinters in athletics. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study, in which 335 children of both sexes from 11 to 15 years old participated. They were evaluated through tests such as weight and height, Abalakov jumps, unilateral right, unilateral left, bilateral and the bilateral deficit was calculated for which the contact platform was used. As results, it is highlighted that the biomechanical indicators, both in jumping height and in calculated power, increase with chronological age, although some variables show a decrease at 15 years. In the bilateral deficit, the results were rated as lower fair for girls and fair for boys. The correlation analysis between jumps and running speed showed significant correlations in girls (p<0.01) in the right unilateral jump in height and power, left unilateral jump in height and bilateral jump in power. In boys, correlations were found at the level (p<0.01) in Abalakov jump power, right unilateral jump power, left unilateral jump power, and bilateral jump power. In conclusion, according to the results and the literature, it can be stated that the jumps can be used as indicators in the selection of talents.

Practice and exploration on the talents working mechanism of " provincial hospital recruit staff and county hospital get experts" / 中华医院管理杂志

In the context of the construction of " double sinking and double upgrading" in Zhejiang province, a provincial hospital explored a pilot talent working mechanism of " provincial hospital recruit staff and county hospital get experts" in the process of cooperating with county hospitals. In view of the problem that high-quality medical human resources were difficult to sink, with the flexibility of the reform of post filing and staffing, we put forward the idea of " provincial hospital recruit staff and county hospital get experts" , established key support disciplines, recruited staff by provincial hospitals, and arranged experts to precisely " sink as needed" to help disciplines of county hospitals. It helped to explore the establishment of a long-term mechanism to promote the flow of excellent medical talents to remote mountain areas, built a " specialized community" of provincial and county hospitals, and improved the medical service capacity, medical quality and discipline construction of county hospitals.

Analysis of the growth process and characteristics of Young Scientists Fund recipients / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents and provide a reference for the training of young talents and the talent introduction of research teams.Methods:Taking the winners of the National Natural Science Youth Scientists Fund of Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019 as the research object, this article retraced their biographical information such as personal characteristics, educational experiences, and growth history, and analyzed the growth characteristics of scientific and technological talents.Results:The growth characteristics of young scientific and technological talents were obtained by summarizing the age, gender, professional title, degree, and overseas study experience of the recipients of the Young Scientists Fund. The influence of educational background on their talent time was preliminarily analyzed through multiple linear regression.Conclusions:According to the study of the growth characteristics and educational background of young scientific and technological talents, we hope to guide the training direction of young talents and provide support for the selection of excellent talents. It is also proposed to improve the talent selection mechanism, encourage scientific research cooperation, and optimize the talent evaluation mechanism to promote more outstanding young scientific and technological talents to stand out.

Talents and science-technology pave the way to precise management of chronic diseases——Reflection and endeavor from The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Chronic disease management is a challenging issue in China. To address the needs of talents and mature innovation ecosystem related to chronic disease management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(FAH-SYSU) actively responds to the national strategy to promote the high-quality development of the hospital through strengthening strategic planning, top-level design, and systematic consideration. Precise management of chronic diseases was taken as key measure for the construction of a national medical center. With continuous exploration in establishing talent pool, innovation center and application platform, and chronic disease management system that focuses on core elements of talent and innovation, the FAH-SYSU Model for the precise management of chronic diseases has been initially formed.

La estructuración de una prueba de selección para los talentos en el deporte / A estruturação de um teste de seleção para talentos no esporte / Structuring a selection test for talents in sport

RESUMEN La detección de un posible talento deportivo constituye una de las premisas fundamentales de cualquier sistema deportivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer parámetros normativos de selección deportiva acordes a las características de la población y con instrumentos de medición de fácil acceso, lo que permite, al inicio de cada temporada, seleccionar los mejores prospectos deportivos. Se emplearon como principales métodos y técnicas de investigación el histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo y análisis documental. Se aplicó una encuesta a 135 entrenadores para la determinación de la prueba y estadígrafos. Esta investigación establece una propuesta de una prueba de selección deportiva en base al estudio de un grupo etario de 1729 niños y niñas de 9 a 12 años, cuyo resultado final es la estructuración de una prueba de selección con su respectiva escala de evaluación, basado en estudios de principales autores, lo que permite instaurar de manera idónea la norma de ingreso de los niños a las escuelas de iniciación deportiva. En este estudio, existen varias alternativas para identificar aspectos a considerar en una prueba de control para la evaluación y selección de talentos deportivos, además, en un análisis crítico y luego de aplicar las técnicas e instrumentos seleccionados, esta prueba es factible, basada en los resultados alcanzados.

RESUMO A detecção de potenciais talentos esportivos é uma das premissas fundamentais de qualquer sistema esportivo. O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer parâmetros normativos para a seleção esportiva de acordo com as características da população e com instrumentos de medição de fácil acesso, o que permite, no início de cada temporada, selecionar as melhores perspectivas esportivas. Os principais métodos e técnicas de pesquisa utilizados foram a análise histórico-lógica, analítico-sintética, indutiva-dedutiva e documental. Uma pesquisa foi aplicada a 135 técnicos para determinar o teste e as estatísticas. Esta pesquisa estabelece uma proposta de teste de seleção esportiva baseada no estudo de uma faixa etária de 1729 meninos e meninas de 9 a 12 anos de idade, cujo resultado final é a estruturação de um teste de seleção com sua respectiva escala de avaliação, baseada em estudos dos principais autores, o que permite estabelecer um padrão adequado para a admissão de crianças em escolas de iniciação esportiva. Neste estudo, há várias alternativas para identificar aspectos a serem considerados em um teste de controle para a avaliação e seleção de talentos esportivos, além disso, em uma análise crítica e após a aplicação das técnicas e instrumentos selecionados, este teste é viável, com base nos resultados alcançados.

ABSTRACT The detection of a possible sports talent constitutes one of the fundamental premises of any sports system. This work aimed at establishing normative parameters for sports selection according to the characteristics of the population and with easily accessible measuring instruments, which allows the best sports prospects to be selected at the beginning of each season. The methods applied are the historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis were used as the main research methods and techniques. A survey was applied to 135 coaches to determine the test and statisticians. This research establishes a proposal for a sports selection test based on the study of an age group of 1729 boys and girls from 9 to 12 years old, whose final result is the structuring of a selection test with its respective evaluation scale, based on studies by leading authors, which allows the standard for children to enter sports initiation schools in an ideal way. In this study there are several alternatives to identify aspects to consider in a control test for the evaluation and selection of sports talents, in addition to a critical analysis and after applying the selected techniques and instruments, this test is feasible, based on the results achieved.

The reform of supply of public health services leading the training of sports professionals in local colleges and universities in the background of healthy china / A reforma da oferta dos serviços de saúde pública nas escolas e universidades locais no contexto da china saudável / La reforma del lado de la oferta de los servicios de salud pública para la formación de profesionales del deporte en las universidades locales en el marco de una china saludable

ABSTRACT With the continuous expansion of public health services, the output of sports talents under the existing training mode of sports talents in Colleges and Universities has been unable to meet the market demand of social sports, so it is inevitable to optimize the existing talent training mode. Based on the original "dual system" teaching mode of college sports talents, this study incorporated the LDTA model to optimize and adjust it, so as to establish a new college sports talent training system. In order to prove the feasibility of the new sports talent training system, after analyzing the market economy of the local social sports industry and the basic situation of students, this paper studies the application of the new sports talent training system to the practical teaching of physical education students in 2017 in university X from 2019 to the first half of 2020, and compares the final scores of the students under the original teaching mode and the new sports talent training system. At present, the students' final scores under the new PE talent training system are generally higher than those under the original teaching mode. It is also found that for some practical skills courses, the students' performance under the new PE talent training system is obviously better than that under the original teaching mode. All these results show that the new sports talent training system established by the research is feasible, and has high practical value for promoting the reform of the supply of sports talents in Colleges and Universities and improving the professional skills and knowledge level of sports talents.

RESUMO Com a contínua expansão do dos serviços de saúde pública, a produção de talentos esportivos sob o modo de treinamento existente em faculdades e universidades não tem atendido a demanda da indústria esportiva social, por isso é inevitável otimizar o modo de treinamento de talentos existente. Baseado no modo de ensino original dual system de talentos esportivos universitários, este estudo utilizou o modelo LDTA para otimizá-lo e ajustá-lo, de modo a estabelecer um novo sistema de treinamento de talentos esportivos universitários. A fim de provar a viabilidade do novo sistema de formação de talentos desportivos, após analisar a economia de bercado da indústria desportiva social local e a situação básica dos estudantes, este documento estuda a aplicação do novo sistema de treinamento de talentos esportivos ao ensino prático dos alunos, em 2017, da escola de educação física da Universidade X de 2019 até a primeira metade de 2020, e compara as pontuações finais dos alunos sob o modo de ensino original e o novo sistema de treinamento de talentos esportivos. Atualmente, as pontuações finais dos estudantes no âmbito do novo sistema de formação de talentos esportivos são geralmente superiores às do modo de ensino inicial. Constata-se também que, para alguns cursos de competências práticas, o desempenho dos estudantes no âmbito do novo sistema de formação de talentos esportivos é obviamente melhor do que o do modo de ensino inicial. Todos esses resultados mostram que o novo sistema de formação de talentos desportivos instituído pela investigação é viável e tem um elevado valor prático para promover a reforma da oferta de talentos desportivos nas faculdades e universidades e para melhorar as competências profissionais e o nível de conhecimentos dos talentos esportivos.

RESUMEN Con la continua expansión de los servicios de salud pública, la producción de talentos deportivos bajo el modo de entrenamiento existente en Colegios y Universidades no ha podido satisfacer la demanda del mercado de deportes sociales, por lo que es inevitable optimizar el modo de entrenamiento de talentos existente. Basado en el modo de enseñanza original de "sistema dual" de talentos deportivos universitarios, este estudio incorporó el modelo LDTA para optimizarlo y ajustarlo, a fin de establecer un nuevo sistema de entrenamiento de dichos talentos. Con el fin de demostrar la viabilidad del nuevo sistema de formación de talento deportivo, tras analizar la economía de mercado de la industria sociodeportiva local y la situación básica de los estudiantes, este trabajo estudia la aplicación del nuevo sistema de formación de talento deportivo a la docencia práctica de los estudiantes en 2017 del Colegio de Educación Física de la universidad X, y desde 2019 hasta el primer semestre de 2020, y compara los puntajes finales de los estudiantes bajo el modo de enseñanza original y el nuevo sistema de entrenamiento de talento deportivo.. En la actualidad, los puntajes finales de los estudiantes bajo el nuevo sistema de formación de talentos de educación física son generalmente más altos que los del modo de enseñanza original. También se encuentra que, para algunos cursos de habilidades prácticas, el desempeño de los estudiantes bajo el nuevo sistema de formación de talentos de educación física es obviamente mejor que el del modo de enseñanza original. Todos estos resultados muestran que el nuevo sistema de formación de talentos deportivos establecido por la investigación es factible y tiene un alto valor práctico para promover la reforma de la oferta de talentos deportivos en Colegios y Universidades y mejorar las habilidades profesionales y el nivel de conocimiento de los talentos deportivos.

Relationship analysis of the application and approval for the Youth Program with the hospitals grouped according to the number of key clinical specialty from 2015 to 2018 / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the application for and funding for individual key clinical specialties under the Youth Program at the approved hospital groups, for suggestions on future development of hospitals.Methods:Based on the Youth Program data of the applications and approval as summarized by Beijing Hospitals Authority from year 2015 through 2018, 22 municipal hospitals were classified into three groups with more, less and none key clinical specialties respectively(the more group, the less group and the non group for short). The categories were made according to the number of state key clinical specialties approved by National Health Commission and key specialties approved by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. χ2 test was used to compare the baseline situation, the approval rate of project applications, and the categories of approved project among the three hospital groups. Results:During 2015—2018 period, the number of applicants for Youth Program was 1 128 persons/cases. The groups with more, less, and none key clinical specialties were 7, 10, 5 respectively. In the more specialties group, the applicants of seniority less than five years accounted for 40.93%, who had higher than those of the other two groups( χ2=13.794, P=0.032), and higher doctoral degree applicants(80.31%) as well. The difference was statistically significant( χ2=116.611, P<0.001). The approval rate of the Youth Program in 2015—2018 in the group with key clinical specialties vs. the group with none key clinical specialties was 36.09%(166/460) rersus. 29.04%(194/668) with significant difference( χ2=6.222, P=0.013). The approval rate of the departments with more key clinical specialties was 37.82%, higher than those of less and none key clinical specialties(approval rate at 31.82% and 21.50%, respectively), with significant difference( χ2=16.897, P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the approval rates of key specialties group and non-key specialties in each hospital group( P>0.05). Of the three groups, the proportion of clinical medical projects in each group was all higher than such other types as scientific research, medical technology, hospital administration and nursing. Conclusions:The applications and approval rate of key specialties under the Youth Program were higher than the rest, reflecting the discipline advantage. At the same time, it can play an important leading role in the construction of research-oriented hospitals. It is necessary to further strengthen the showcase role of specialties, for encouraging innovative talents cultivation of other specialties, in the hope for promoting the construction of research-oriented hospitals in their clinical, scientific research, medical technology, management and nursing comprehensively.

Exploration and practice of the training mode of nursing professionals in higher vocational colleges under the 1+X certificate system / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore a new training mode for nursing professionals suitable for the 1+X certificate system, and realize the training goal of "one specialty and multi-ability" compound technical nursing talents.Methods:To take the "1+ X" certificate standard as the basis for the construction of nursing specialty, to reconstruct the talent training program of integration of graduation certificate and certificate. To take the content of "1+X" certificate as the basis for the construction of professional courses, construct the core curriculum system of integration of curriculum and certificate. To build a "new double-qualified" teaching staff and constructing of new double-qualified teachers and accelerate the development of quality resources.Results:The talent training mode of integration of graduation certificate and certificate under the 1+X certificate system was constructed. The curriculum structure has been optimized. The teachers′ability of teaching, training and examination was improved.Conclusions:The new mode of training nursing professionals under the 1+X certificate system meets 1 degree education and X vocational training of nursing students and achieve a "1" and "X" seamless convergence. It provides innovative ideas for the promotion and implementation of 1+X certificate system pilot work in the field of nursing education nationwide.

Strengthening and application of science and education integration in experimental course of human anatomy and animal physiology / 生物工程学报

Institutions of higher learning undertake the important responsibility of personnel training. Teaching and scientific research are two indispensable functions of colleges and universities, and the relationship between them is unbalanced and low integration in the current education and teaching. According to the existing problems in the experimental course of human anatomy and animal physiology, we explored how to apply the ideological and political education of scientific research to improve students' cognitive ability, develop experimental projects combined with scientific research practice, and strengthen the combination of classroom teaching and scientific research practice, aiming to establish the basic concept of the integration of science and education. These are favorable for the realization of the training goal of high-quality innovative talents.

Employment status of interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and / 中国针灸

The employment situation and advantages of interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and

Definition of Core Competitiveness of Drug Manufacturing Enterprises and Construction of Its Evaluation System / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To define the core competitiveness of drug manufacturing enterprises ，and build its evaluation system. METHODS ：With“core competitiveness ”and“pharmaceutical”as Chinese and English keywords ，the laws ，policies and interpretation documents published on relevant Chinese government websites （from the inception/establishment of the database to June 2020，the same below ）were retrieved. Related literatures were collected from PubMed ，Embase，CBM，Wanfang database ， CNKI，VIP databases. The evidence-based research method was adopted to define the core competitiveness and elements of drug manufacturing enterprises. Based on above elements and retrieval method ，guideline database （National Guideline Clearinghouse ， Guidelines International Network ，Trip database ，The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence ）and systematic review ， health technology assessment （HTA），health economics evaluation research databases （NHS Economic Evaluation Database ，the Cochrane Library ，HTA，etc.）were retrieved. The output indexes of the core competitiveness of drug manufacturing enterprises were extracted ；according to the principles of scientificity ，hierarchy，comparability and comprehensiveness ，the evaluation system of core competitiveness of drug manufacturing enterprises was constructed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The definition of core competitiveness of drug manufacturers is proposed as the strategic needs of the enterprises ，actively undertaking major national science and technology projects ，introducing top scientific and technological talents at home and abroad ，having independent intellectual property rights ，enhancing the ability of scientific and technological support ，strengthening original innovation ， increasing R&D investment ， strengthening key technology breakthrough ， perfecting the innovation mechanism of enterprises-univerisities-researches integration with enterprises as the main body. The elements included original innovation ， 60362951。 R&D investment and scientific and technological talents. Atotal of 25 original innovation output indexes [including two aspects of innovation system （such as national science and technology innovation base ，national laboratory ），innovation achievements （such as National Natural Science Award ， National Technological Invention Award ）]，1 R&D input-output indicator （R&D amount ），7 scientific and technological talent output indicators of production enterprises （such as those selected in the “National Million Talent Project ”，“National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Talents ”award） were extracted. The evaluation system composed of original innovation ，R&D investment and scientific and technological talents is constructed ，which can provide objective evaluation for core competitiveness of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises.

Innovation and practice on training the innovative undergraduate talents in universities under the background of "Three Whole Education"—taking the Biomedical Engineering College of Chongqing Medical University as an example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Under the background of "Three Whole Education", the College of Biomedical Engineering of Chongqing Medical University builds the rule of undergraduate tutors, promotes the effective connection among the entrance -in school -graduation education, integrates the innovative education and teaching throughout into the undergraduate period, and implements "4+1" education models of theory teaching - ability training - competetion incubation - atmosphere building to create innovative classroom transcripts, finally realizing the all-around education of innovative undergraduate talents. Through the innovation and practices, we will continue to refine educational effects.

Study of "4+ 1" integration training mode combining undergraduate and postgraduate for biomedical engineering major / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Chongqing Medical University and University of Dundee have explored the "4+ 1" integration training mode combining undergraduate and postgraduate for biomedical engineering major in 2018, including mode of education, curriculum linkage and credit recognition, contract signing and publicity, process assessment and management, and degree awarding. After repeated communication and argument, Chongqing Medical University and University of Dundee signed the contract of the "4+ 1" integration training mode in 2019. One junior student participated in the "Summer Camp of University of Dundee" in the same year, and one senior student participated in this integration training mode program in 2020. According to the feedback of the first batch of students, the "4+ 1" integration training mode can guide students from different angles, which is conducive to broadening students' international vision and injecting strong power into the cultivation of biomedical engineering talents.